Jawahar Lal Nehru

Jawaharlal Nehru

                              

भारत के प्रथम प्रधानमन्त्री

Tenure - 15 August 1947 - 27 May 1964

Defense Minister
Tenure - 31 October 1962 - 14 November 1962

Finance Minister
Tenure-13 February 1958 - 13 March 1958

Foreign Minister
Tenure - 15 August 1947 - 27 May 1964

Birth - November 14, 1889 (Allahabad, North-Western Province, British India) now in Uttar Pradesh, India

Death - 27 May 1964 (age 74) New Delhi, India

Political party - Indian National Congress

Life partner - Kamala Kaul

Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru was born on 14 November 1889 in Allahabad. He received his initial education from his personal teachers at his home. At the age of fifteen, he went to England and after two years in Harrow, he joined the University of Cambridge, from where he obtained a bachelor's degree in natural science. After returning to India in 1912, they joined politics directly. Even during student life, they were interested in the freedom struggle of the countries under foreign rule. He took a keen interest in the Cinfen movement in Ireland. They had to join essentially in the freedom struggle of India.

In 1912, he participated in the Banquipur conference as a representative and in 1919 became Secretary of the Home Rule League of Allahabad. In 1916, he met Mahatma Gandhi for the first time, from which he was quite inspired. In 1920 he organized the first Kisan March in Pratapgarh district of Uttar Pradesh. In connection with the non-cooperation movement of 1920-22, he had to go to jail twice.

Pandit Nehru became the General Secretary of All India Congress Committee in September 1923. In 1926 he visited Italy, Switzerland, England, Belgium, Germany and Russia. In Belgium, he participated in the Dean countries conference in Brussels as an official representative of the Indian National Congress. In 1927 he participated in the 10th anniversary celebration of the Socialist Revolution in Moscow in 1927. Earlier in 1926, Nehru had an important role in committing to the Congress's goal of independence in the Madras Congress. While staging a procession against the Simon Commission in Lucknow in 1928, he was charged with sticks. He took part in the All-Party Conference on August 29, 1928 and was one of those people who had signed his Nehru Report on Indian constitutional reform. This report was named after his father Mr. Motilal Nehru. In the same year he established the 'Indian Independence League' and became its general secretary. The original purpose of this league was to completely separate India from the British Empire.

In 1929, Pandit Nehru was elected President of the Lahore Session of the Indian National Convention, whose main goal was to achieve total independence for the country. During 1930-35, he had to go to jail many times due to the salt Satyagraha and other movements of Congress. He completed his autobiography 'Autobiography' in Almora Jail on February 14, 1935. After release, he went to Switzerland to see his sick wife and visited London in February-March, 1936. He also visited Spain in July 1938 when there was a civil war going on. He also went on a visit to China some time before World War II began.

Pandit Nehru did a personal satyagraha while opposing forced India to participate in war, due to which he was arrested on 31 October 1940. He was released from jail with other leaders in December 1941. In a meeting of the All India Congress Committee held in Mumbai on August 7, 1942, Pandit Nehru set the goal of implementing the 'Quit India' historic resolution. On August 8, 1942, he was arrested with other leaders and taken to Ahmednagar Fort. This was the last opportunity when he had to go to jail and this time he had to spend time in jail for the longest time. In his entire life, he went to jail nine times. After his release in January 1945, he took legal defense of the officers and individuals of the INA who are facing charges of treason. In March 1946, Pandit Nehru visited South-East Asia. He was elected the President of Congress for the fourth time on July 6, 1946, and then from 1951 to 1954 three times he was elected to the post.

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